Research on the Influence Mechanism and Optimization Path of Flexible Retirement System on Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure

Abstract

Against the backdrop of intensified global population aging, the flexible retirement system, as an important policy tool to address changes in labor market structure and challenges of fiscal sustainability, has increasingly become the focus of academic research and policy-making regarding its impact on fiscal revenue and expenditure. Based on the realistic context of population aging and fiscal pressure in China, this study systematically explores the action mechanism and impact effects of the flexible retirement system on fiscal revenue and expenditure by comprehensively using methods such as literature research, empirical analysis, and comparative studies. The research finds that the flexible retirement system affects fiscal revenue and expenditure through dual channels of the pension effect and labor market effect. It can alleviate the fiscal pension burden by extending the payment period and shortening the pension payment period, and enhance fiscal revenue capacity by increasing labor supply and expanding the tax base. However, the heterogeneity characteristics of different industries and regions are significant, and the perfection degree of system design and supporting measures directly affects policy effects. Finally, the study proposes policy suggestions from three dimensions: refined system design, coordination of fiscal policies, and optimization of supporting measures, providing theoretical and practical references for achieving the benign interaction between the flexible retirement system and fiscal sustainable development.