Economics & Business Management ISSN Print: 3079-5214 ISSN Online: 3079-5222
Structural Resilience in the Cobalt Industry Chain Trade Network: Evolution and Evaluation
As a strategic mineral, cobalt is a new focus of global competition. Studying its industry chain via trade network structural resilience is crucial for optimizing industrial layout and enhancing security. This study constructs a degree distribution and degree correlation bivariate model to analyze the resilience evolution of global upstream, midstream, and downstream cobalt trade networks from 2011 to 2023. Conclusions show: (1)Regarding node characteristics, China, the US, and Germany are active core nodes. China plays a multidimensional role: heavily relying on upstream raw ore imports, acting as a midstream processing hub, and holding prominent downstream export advantages; (2)Regarding hierarchical structure, overall network differentiation is minor. The upstream hierarchy is weakening with intensified flattening, while midstream and downstream hierarchies are slightly strengthening with prominent stereoscopic features; (3)Regarding network matching properties, the overall network exhibits disassortative features. Upstream disassortative features are slightly enhancing via close cross-tier interactions, whereas midstream and downstream assortative features are increasing, weakening cross-tier connectivity and undermining matching resilience; (4)Regarding resilience evolutionary levels, structural resilience fluctuates significantly, ranking as downstream greater than upstream, and upstream greater than midstream. The downstream shows robust adaptive repair, while the midstream, constrained by capacity agglomeration barriers, exhibits sluggish recovery and the sharpest decline in risk resistance. Policy recommendations include: perfecting safeguard systems for a sound industrial ecology; deepening overseas deployment to fortify supply; advancing collaborative restructuring for independent controllability; and expanding multilateral trade networks for new competitive advantages. This study provides a valuable reference for safeguarding China's strategic mineral security and stable industry operations.
Copyright (c) 2026 by author(s) and Erytis Publishing Limited https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Research on the Promotion of Economic Development by the Film Industry — Taking China as an Example
This paper takes the Chinese film industry as the research object, combining industry macro data and typical cases, to analyze its current development status, the path of driving economic growth, as well as its direct and indirect contributions to GDP, tax revenue, and related industries; the research finds that the Chinese film industry has formed a complete industrial chain, with core indicators leading globally by 2025, and the proportion of domestic films reaching nearly 80%. The industry drives the economy through cultural technological innovation, market cultivation, and industrial chain collaboration. The growth rate of the derivative market is significant. In 2024, the industry paid nearly 19 billion yuan in taxes and stimulated related industries such as tourism, catering, and advertising, as well as employment. At the same time, it points out the existing problems and research limitations of the industry, clarifying that the film industry is an important engine for stimulating domestic demand and optimizing the economic structure, with both cultural dissemination and economic driving functions, providing references for policy and academic research. Currently, the industry has problems such as content homogeneity, regional imbalance, high dependence on technology, and difficulties for small and medium-sized films to survive. It is necessary to release potential through policy guidance and innovation incentives.
Cross-Domain AI Applications in Management Decision Optimization: Heuristic Algorithms in Practice
This study proposes a unified framework of AI-driven management decision optimization based on heuristic algorithms and demonstrates its applicability across heterogeneous domains. Rather than treating artificial intelligence as a sector-specific technical artifact, the paper conceptualizes AI as a managerial decision engine that supports forecasting, optimization, risk control, and strategic coordination under uncertainty, resource constraints, and time pressure. Drawing on comparative evidence from tourism management and healthcare governance, the analysis shows that heuristic algorithms such as Genetic Algorithms, Ant Colony Optimization, Particle Swarm Optimization, Simulated Annealing, and rule-based heuristics perform structurally similar decision functions despite differences in data content and institutional context. The core contribution lies in shifting evaluation criteria from domain accuracy toward governance-oriented performance, including decision quality, efficiency, transparency, responsiveness, and institutional impact. The findings demonstrate strong cross-domain transferability of heuristic decision logic and confirm that AI reshapes management reasoning itself rather than merely automating sectoral tools. Tourism is positioned as a methodological origin for decision optimization research, while healthcare serves as a high-stakes application context. Overall, the study establishes heuristic AI as a generalizable management science methodology for complex decision optimization across domains.
Governance Capability and Supply Chain Resilience in Forestry Industries
Forestry industries operate under complex conditions characterized by long production cycles, resource dependence, institutional uncertainty, and increasing market volatility. These characteristics create significant challenges for maintaining supply chain stability and adaptive capacity. While previous studies have emphasized supply chain integration and collaborative governance outcomes, limited attention has been paid to how governance capability contributes to supply chain resilience in resource-based industries. This study develops a conceptual framework to explain the relationship between governance capability and supply chain resilience in forestry industries. Drawing on collaborative governance theory, supply chain management theory, and institutional adaptation perspectives, the study identifies four key dimensions of governance capability: information integration capability, collaborative coordination capability, institutional adaptation capability, and resource integration capability. The study argues that these capabilities enhance resilience by improving visibility, coordination efficiency, adaptive responses, and resource reconfiguration under uncertain conditions. The framework provides theoretical insights into resilience-building mechanisms in forestry supply chains and offers practical implications for enterprises and policymakers seeking sustainable and adaptive supply chain development.
Research on the Transformation Path of Green Consumption in Rural Tourism in Sichuan Province
Against the backdrop of the deepening of the "dual carbon" goals and the comprehensive implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, green consumption transformation is the core path to solving the difficulties in rural tourism development and achieving the synergistic transformation of ecological and economic value. As a major province in the country with rural tourism resources, Sichuan Province combines a diverse ecological foundation with the cultural endowment of Bashu. Despite its vast industrial scale, issues such as ecological pressure and homogeneous business formats under the traditional extensive development model are becoming increasingly prominent, making the demand for green upgrading urgent. From a theoretical perspective, it systematically explains the practical significance of Sichuan's rural tourism green consumption transformation in protecting the ecological foundation, activating the county economy, broadening farmers' income channels, and promoting the upgrading of the cultural tourism industry. It deeply analyzes the current challenges facing the transformation, such as an incomplete green supply system, insufficient consumption cognition and behavior transformation, lack of institutional standards and supervision, and weak professional talent support. It also proposes optimization paths from the perspectives of supply, consumption, institutions, and talent.
Practice of Supply Chain Optimization of Luckin Coffee from the Perspective of Digital Transformation and Its Industry Enlightenments
Against the backdrop of China's booming digital economy and evolving new retail formats, competition in the catering and retail industry has shifted from front-end marketing rivalry to back-end supply chain capacity building. Traditional experience-driven supply chain models fail to accommodate the diversified demands of young consumers and operational pressures of large-scale expansion, rendering digital transformation an imperative for enterprises to foster long-term core competitiveness. Taking Luckin Coffee, China's leading chain coffee brand, as the research subject and grounded in systems theory, dynamic capability theory, and the supply chain resilience lifecycle framework, this paper systematically examines the full-chain digital optimization practices of its supply chain spanning procurement, intelligent manufacturing, logistics scheduling, and store operations. The findings indicate that digital empowerment has enabled Luckin to effectively reduce operational costs, ensure nationwide product quality consistency, improve inventory turnover, and enhance supply chain resilience. This paper also identifies core challenges such as system computing bottlenecks, data security risks, overseas localization barriers, and interdisciplinary talent shortages, and puts forward targeted countermeasures. It concludes with a phased transformation path for small and medium-sized enterprises, providing practical references for the digital upgrading of the retail and catering industry.
Research on the Implementation Paths and Effects of Green Logistics in E-Commerce Enterprises under the "Dual Carbon" Goals — A Case Study of JD Logistics
Under the "Dual Carbon" goals, the rapid growth of e-commerce logistics has intensified environmental pressures, making green transformation an urgent priority. This paper systematically investigates the implementation paths and effects of green logistics in e-commerce enterprises through a case study of JD Logistics. Employing literature review, case study, and comparative analysis methods, the study examines JD Logistics' green practices across four dimensions—green packaging, green transportation, green warehousing, and reverse logistics—and evaluates their effects based on corporate data. The findings show that JD Logistics has achieved notable environmental benefits, enhanced brand image, and gradually realized cost advantages. However, challenges persist, including cost-benefit imbalance, insufficient supply chain coordination, technological bottlenecks, and consumer behavioral inertia. Countermeasures are proposed from enterprise, industry, and government levels. This study enriches green logistics research in the e-commerce context and provides practical references for enterprises' green transformation.
The Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on Farmers' Income in Jiangsu Province, China
Using Jiangsu Province as a case study, this paper examines whether the expansion of digital inclusive finance is associated with higher farmers' income at the prefecture level. Based on panel data for prefecture-level cities from 2015 to 2024, the study combines descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression to evaluate the relationship between per capita disposable income and a set of loan-based indicators representing digital inclusive finance, including overall lending, agricultural loans, loans to small and micro enterprises, and personal consumption loans. The results show that farmers' income in Jiangsu increased steadily during the sample period, while substantial regional heterogeneity remained. Regression estimates suggest that per capita GDP and urbanization are positively associated with income growth, whereas industrial output and fiscal expenditure are negatively associated with the dependent variable in the estimated specification. The coefficients of the core loan-related variables are positive or mixed in direction but do not reach conventional levels of statistical significance after controls are introduced. Taken together, the findings imply that digital inclusive finance may support farmers' income through broader regional development channels, but its direct income effect is not robustly identified in the present model. The paper therefore argues for cautious interpretation, stronger rural digital infrastructure, better-targeted financial products, and further research using richer indicators and identification strategies.
A Welfare Economics Perspective on the High-Quality Development of the Elderly Care Service System during the 15th Five-Year Plan Period
During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, China’s elderly care system is required to shift from scale expansion to high-quality development. From a welfare economics perspective, this paper identifies three major imbalances in the current system: efficiency (resource misallocation and low productivity), equity (Matthew effects and digital exclusion), and incentives (misaligned goals among stakeholders). To address these imbalances, the paper proposes a triple transition—toward allocative and innovation efficiency, developmental universalism, and diverse inclusive incentives. Key policy pathways include establishing a national big-data platform, implementing performance-based payment, integrating medical and elderly care systems, launching an AI+elderly care plan, legalizing the basic service list, creating graduated personal care accounts, promoting digital inclusion, adopting smart government purchasing, utilizing financial tools for the silver economy, and compensating family caregivers. These integrated strategies aim to build an incentive-compatible ecosystem that enhances the well-being and dignity of all elderly people.
Measuring the Coupling Coordination between Technological Innovation and Financial Development in Anhui Province
Integrating technology and finance drives regional economic expansion. Using municipal data from Anhui Province (2012–2020), we construct an evaluation index via the entropy weight method and apply a coupling coordination model to track system evolution. The analysis reveals upward, albeit fluctuating, trajectories for both sectors. Notably, their relationship progressed from severe dysfunction to an advanced, technology-driven coupling. However, a pronounced spatial imbalance remains, ranking Central Anhui first, followed by the Southern and Northern regions. This study offers actionable evidence for narrowing inter-city divides and guiding targeted regional reforms.
Research on the Development Status, Problems and Optimization Paths of Green Logistics in the E-commerce Industry
Driven by China’s dual-carbon goals and booming e-commerce, traditional logistics suffers from packaging pollution, high transport carbon emissions, energy-wasting warehouses and defective reverse logistics. This paper uses literature review, case study and induction-deduction to study e-commerce green logistics based on circular economy and sustainable development theories. It reviews national and local supportive policies, analyzes industrial practices and typical cases of Cainiao and JD Logistics. The study identifies major constraints such as high green material costs, lack of unified standards, underdeveloped intelligent transport and incomplete recycling networks. Corresponding countermeasures are proposed to upgrade packaging, transportation, warehousing and reverse logistics systems. The results show that e-commerce green logistics has made initial progress but still needs coordinated efforts from governments, enterprises and consumers to achieve long-term eco-economic sustainability.
A Review of the Theoretical Evolution and Research on Digital Technological Innovation in Enterprises
Digital technology innovation in enterprises is the core endogenous driving force behind the digital transformation of the real economy and is fundamentally reshaping the underlying logic of global industrial division of labour and competition. Through a systematic review of key domestic and international literature spanning the past two decades, this paper clarifies the origins of three foundational theories underpinning digital technology innovation: the digital extension of Schumpeter’s classical theory of innovation, the theory of digital platform ecosystems, and the theory of the value of data as a factor of production.The scope of existing research has expanded from the application of individual information technology tools to a multi-stakeholder collaborative innovation network comprising ‘data, algorithms, computing power and application scenarios’. Within the empirical research framework, academia has established a three-dimensional measurement framework encompassing ‘technology investment, data governance and scenario implementation’; influencing factors have moved beyond the traditional dual dimensions of internal resources and external institutions in conventional technological innovation, incorporating new variables specific to digitalisation such as the marketisation of data as a factor of production, computing power infrastructure and competition within platform ecosystems;The economic consequences encompass transmission pathways at three levels: micro-level enterprises, meso-level industries, and the macroeconomy. Analysis reveals that whilst digital technological innovation drives improvements in total factor productivity, business model iteration and industrial structure upgrading, it also gives rise to governance challenges such as ambiguous data property rights, algorithmic ethical distortions and digital monopolies.Future research should strengthen interdisciplinary integration across management, law and computer science, and focus on conducting localised studies tailored to China’s emerging market institutional context and the characteristics of domestic platform enterprises.
Interactive Mechanism Between Income Distribution Reform and Improvement of People’s Well-being
To explore the two-way interactive logic between income distribution reform and the improvement of people’s well-being, resolve practical obstacles to their coordinated development, and advance the goal of common prosperity, this paper constructs a two-way interactive analytical framework of “reform – improvement – re-reform – re-improvement” from multidisciplinary perspectives including Marxist distribution theory and welfare economics. It systematically sorts out the four-stage practical evolution of China’s income distribution reform and four major achievements in boosting people’s well-being, and analyzes core challenges such as imperfect primary distribution systems, mismatched supply and demand of people’s livelihood services, and insufficient policy coordination. The study finds that income distribution reform elevates people’s well-being through the foundational support of primary distribution, targeted regulation of redistribution, and supplementary advancement of tertiary distribution. In turn, improved people’s well-being feeds back into income distribution reform via human capital accumulation, social stability safeguards, and demand-driven institutional optimization. Accordingly, this paper proposes optimization approaches covering three dimensions: refining the three-tier distribution system, upgrading the quality of livelihood services, and establishing an interactive coordination mechanism. These measures aim to foster a virtuous cycle between income distribution reform and the advancement of people’s well-being, providing theoretical references and practical guidance for realizing common prosperity.
Land Use Dilemma and Governance Path under the Background of Rural Hollowing-out
With China's urbanization process accelerating, a significant number of young and middle-aged rural laborers are migrating to urban areas, exacerbating the rural hollowing phenomenon. This has directly led to issues such as inefficient land use, idle resources, and wastage, severely hindering the implementation of rural revitalization strategies and agricultural modernization. Based on concrete data from rural population dynamics, land use patterns, aging trends, and population outflow over the past decade, this study analyzes the core challenges and underlying causes of rural land utilization under the hollowing context. Drawing on practical experiences from typical regions, it proposes targeted governance approaches to optimize rural land resource allocation, address rural hollowing challenges, and enhance rural governance effectiveness, providing theoretical references and practical support for policy implementation.
The Predicament and Path of International Financial Governance Led by a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind from the Perspective of International Public Goods
At present, the supply of public goods by governments worldwide is insufficient, and conventional governance approaches fail to effectively address issues such asfinancial risks and institutional fragmentation. As a "conceptual international public good" provided by China, the concept of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind offers new ideas to tackle the predicament of international financial governance. Based on the theory of international public goods, this paper expounds the attributes of the Community with a Shared Future for Mankind as a global public good, analyzes the current predicaments of international financial governance from three aspects: supply equity, value consensus and institutional adaptability, and puts forward three practical paths including a coordinated financing mechanism, a risk prevention and control barrier, and green and inclusive development. It is intended to provide useful insights and enlightenment for optimizing the supply of global public goods and improving international financial governance.
Community With a Shared Future For Mankind
Research on the Rural Revitalization Model and Path of Cao Village, Ruian, Wenzhou Under the Context of Common Prosperity
Against the backdrop of pursuing common prosperity, rural revitalization stands as a critical task for China’s modernization drive. This paper takes Caocun Town in Rui’an, Wenzhou, known as “China’s No.1 Jinshi Village”, as the research object to explore its innovative rural development model. Restricted by fragmented village resources and disjointed industrial layout, the 14 villages under Caocun established Rui’an Jinshi Tourism Development Co., Ltd. under government guidance, adopting a shareholding reform mechanism featuring “all villages hold shares and all villagers share dividends”. Guided by the Wenzhou Spirit of “traversing thousands of mountains and rivers, speaking thousands of words, thinking of thousands of strategies, enduring thousands of hardships”, Caocun built a complete industrial chain covering primary, secondary and tertiary industries. It developed smart ecological agriculture, featured agricultural processing, intangible cultural heritage manufacturing and integrated cultural tourism, study tours, outdoor sports and agritainment, forming an integrated pastoral complex covering 54,300 mu. The shareholding system unites scattered village collective assets, and a series of shared workshops realize local employment and steady growth of village collective income. This study concludes that Caocun’s model combines the Wenzhou Spirit, traditional imperial examination culture, collective shareholding reform and full industrial chain integration to achieve balanced regional common prosperity. It also identifies existing constraints including insufficient two-way flow of urban-rural factors and room for corporate governance optimization, offering replicable experience for rural revitalization nationwide.
How Cross-Border E-Commerce Empowers the Internationalization of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Mechanisms, Constraints and Optimization Paths
Digital technologies and platform economies are changing how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) enter international markets. Based on transaction cost theory, the resource-based view and absorptive capacity theory, this paper explains how cross-border e-commerce empowers SME internationalization. The study argues that platform traffic, transaction data, logistics services, digital finance, compliance tools and public services reduce market-entry costs and partly compensate for SME resource constraints. Yet these external resources do not automatically become international capabilities. Their effects depend on digital absorptive capacity, namely the ability to acquire, assimilate, transform and exploit platform-based information. Cross-border e-commerce works through three mechanisms: transaction cost reduction and market expansion, ecological resource compensation, and capability upgrading driven by data feedback and compliance pressure. The paper identifies platform dependence, weak control over customer data, logistics pressure, supply-chain fragility and rising overseas compliance costs as major constraints, and proposes optimization paths centered on lightweight data systems, differentiated platform deployment, shared service infrastructure and whole-process compliance management.
Blue Food Trade Governance and Sustainable Seafood Rules: From Fisheries Subsidy Disciplines to Traceable Value Chains
Blue food has an increasingly significant strategic role in global food security, nutritional supply, and marine sustainability governance, while seafood trade rules are shifting from traditional border regulation toward value chain governance covering capture, aquaculture, processing, cold chains, certification, and consumption. Using literature analysis, rule analysis, and normative analysis, this paper examines the institutional transformation of blue food trade governance and sustainable seafood rules. The study finds that global seafood trade rules are undergoing four important shifts: fisheries subsidy disciplines are incorporating industrial support into the framework of trade rules and marine resource governance; sustainable aquaculture is gradually becoming a condition for international market access; value chain traceability is being transformed from a food safety tool into a foundation for IUU fishing governance and green compliance; and private certification and digital sustainability assurance are changing the governance structure of global seafood value chains. For China, the high-quality development of seafood trade requires a transition from scale and cost advantages toward subsidy compliance, green aquaculture, digital traceability, and participation in international rule-making.
Profit vs. Risks: The Mechanisms Behind Paralysis Risks and Core Impacts of Highly Automated Ports
This paper takes DP World as an example to analyze the paralysis risks, their mechanisms, and core impacts that highly automated ports face in the pursuit of profit maximization, and proposes corresponding strategies at the institutional and national levels. Under the assumption of profit maximization, private ports overly emphasize the reduction of explicit costs and promote the economies of scale brought about by automation, while underestimating implicit costs and related risks. As shown by the case analysis of DP World, its profit-driven promotion of automation ultimately led to losses during a cyberattack. The proposed suggestions at the institutional and national levels can effectively balance automation efficiency and operational risks. However, this study has limitations. The framework is only applicable to private ports and does not consider the impacts of government-led ports and differences in regional economic development levels on the automation effects and reasonable levels.
Intelligent Economy and Income Increase for Urban and Rural Residents: Mechanisms and Paths
The new form of the intelligent economy, based on data, computing power, and algorithms, systematically reshapes all aspects of economic operation through human-machine collaboration, cross-border integration, and co-creation and sharing, profoundly changing the inherent logic of residents' income generation. This paper systematically examines the mechanisms and paths by which the intelligent economy affects the income growth of urban and rural residents from a theoretical perspective. The study found that the intelligent economy, through the elevation of the status of factors of production, the transformation of the form of the production function, and the reconstruction of distribution relations, has formed a whole new income determination mechanism. Due to the structural differences between urban and rural residents in terms of factor possession, infrastructure, human capital, etc., the income-increasing effect of the intelligent economy shows differentiated characteristics. A new type of value cycle is forming between urban and rural areas, and the income-increasing effects are transmitted to each other. To achieve inclusive income growth, systematic policy responses are needed at four levels: infrastructure integration, data revenue distribution, capacity building, and redistribution mechanisms.
Increase In Income For Urban and Rural Residents
Digital Literacy Enhancement Strategies for International Chinese Education Students Empowered by Cross-Border E-Commerce Training Platforms
Digital literacy has become a foundational competency for everyone in the digital age. International Chinese education is currently at a critical stage of transitioning from traditional to digital teaching. This study takes cross-border e-commerce training platforms as an entry point to explore feasible pathways for enhancing the digital literacy of students majoring in International Chinese Education. Through literature review and theoretical analysis, the study proposes a basic framework for integrating such platforms into the training of these students, and examines the relationships among platform functions, teaching activities, and literacy development. The findings indicate that these platforms can provide a near-real business environment, where students can practice digital tool usage, cross‑cultural communication, and data analysis through task completion. On this basis, the study offers specific recommendations from five aspects: curriculum design, platform optimization, teaching methods, teacher development, and evaluation mechanisms. The findings may serve as a reference for talent cultivation in International Chinese Education at finance and economics universities.
Cross-border E-commerce Training Platform
Research on the Path and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Improving the Quality of Financial Reporting
The development of the digital economy has placed higher demands on the quality of financial reporting. Traditional manual and semi-automated models are showing bottlenecks in data collection, error prevention, and in-depth analysis, while the intervention of artificial intelligence (AI) technology offers a possibility for overcoming these bottlenecks. This paper focuses on the specific paths and real challenges of AI-enabled improvement of financial reporting quality. At the path level, the paper discusses four dimensions: strengthening the foundation through data governance, preventing errors through automated accounting, enhancing reliability through intelligent auditing, and improving relevance through in-depth analysis. At the challenge level, the paper analyzes obstacles at three levels: data and algorithm credibility, organizational responsibility and talent, and regulatory compliance and ethics. Finally, the paper proposes optimization strategies such as building a credible data foundation, developing interpretable models, reshaping the responsibility framework, and cultivating interdisciplinary talent, pointing out that AI empowerment is a systematic project requiring the coordinated evolution of technology, management, and systems.
Financial Openness, External Finance Dependence, and Firms’ Financing Costs: Evidence from Chinese A-Share Listed Firms
Based on firm-year panel data of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2017, this paper examines the relationship among financial openness, external finance dependence, and firms’ financing costs. The results show that the interaction term between financial openness and external finance dependence significantly reduces firms’ financing costs. This indicates that the financing cost effect of fi-nancial openness is not simply reflected in a general decline in average terms, but is closely related to the degree of firms’ dependence on external finance. Further subsample tests show that the interaction term is significantly negative for firms with high external finance dependence, while the estimated direction is opposite for firms with low external finance dependence. This suggests that the effect of financial openness on firms’ financing costs is conditional and asymmetric. The main conclusion remains valid after replacing the measure of financial openness, using the share of foreign banks, excluding the financial crisis years, controlling for internal finance dependence, and excluding the leverage control variable. This paper adds to the literature on the microeconomic effects of financial openness from the perspective of firms’ financing costs. It also highlights that firms’ financ-ing structure is an important dimension for understanding the effects of financial openness policies.
Sustainable Marketing Communication Strategies and Corporate Operational Management Reform of Export Enterprises
With the rise of global carbon regulation, cross-border requirements from all parts of society and shifts in the digital economy, exporting companies should no longer prioritize short-term profit and must build a long-term marketing and communication plan to promote sustainable development. Sustainable marketing communication is to open up long-term exchanges of information with foreign buyers, regulatory authorities and the local public in accordance with ESG standards for environment, society and governance. Taking Chinese manufacturing export enterprises as the subjects of this paper, it is put forward that stakeholder theory and a PDCA cycle management framework can be combined to study the connection between sustainable communication layout and the reform of enterprise operation management. Based on industry data and comparisons of traditional and green export enterprises, three ways of standardising sustainable communication that can promote operational reform have been put forward in this paper; among them, greenwashing in communication, dispersed internal management and cross-cultural information misalignment are the main obstacles, and integrated reform plans for the construction of communication systems, organisational restructuring and full-chain optimisation have been proposed. Based on the above studies, it is expected that systematic sustainable communication will motivate export enterprises to advance in supply chain greening, flat organisational structure, data-driven operation, etc., in order to strengthen the stability of long-term overseas orders and cross-border compliance. The above conclusions provide some reference for the practical management of export enterprises in carrying out operational reform in accordance with the new rules for sustainable trade.
Influences of Social Media Live Streaming on Building Stable Customer Loyalty in Global Trade Cooperation
With the digitalisation of global trade, the old ways of communicating that are offline trade fairs, static emails and printed product catalogues are unable to maintain continuous cooperation among buyers and suppliers due to a lack of timely information updates and delayed feedback. Social media live-streaming platforms, including Facebook Live, Instagram Live and TikTok Live, have begun to use live streaming for a long time and are now often employed by cross-border enterprises to keep in touch with consumers. The object of this paper is the construction of trust in real time during live broadcasts, and based on the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model and relationship marketing theory, it studies how live streaming affects the stable loyalty of customers in global trade cooperation. Based on industry data and typical cases of B2B foreign trade, this paper will examine the three internal mechanisms that promote buyer trust through live interaction, summarize four operational live-streaming customer retention models, identify the main problems of cross-cultural barriers, homogeneous content and disconnected post-live services, and put forward corresponding improvement plans. Based on the above study, timely communication with foreigners can be initiated to build rapport and increase the frequency of such contact; thus, the sense of switching costs for importers will be reduced, motivating them to be more willing to buy and engage in subsequent trade, extending the period of cooperation among these enterprises and their overseas partners for small and medium-sized export enterprises.
Factors Influencing Consumer Trust in Beauty Product Live Streamers and Improvement Pathways: An Analysis Based on the SOR Model
With the rapid development of digital transformation and e-commerce, beauty live commerce has emerged as the core growth engine of China’s beauty retail market. However, the industry’s explosive expansion has been marred by escalating trust issues, including false advertising, exaggerated efficacy claims, and inadequate quality control, which severely hinder its sustainable development. Grounded in the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) theoretical framework, this paper systematically examines how three core characteristics of beauty live streamers—professionalism, authenticity, and interactivity—shape consumer trust. The study identifies four key points underlying the current trust crisis: insufficient professional literacy among streamers, fabricated scenarios and personas, weak supply chain quality control, and severe content homogenization. To address these challenges, this study proposes a four-pronged trust enhancement framework encompassing capacity building, technology empowerment, institutional safeguards, and content innovation. This research provides theoretical insights and practical strategies for regulating the beauty live commerce industry, building streamer IPs, and optimizing brand marketing practices.
Digital Infrastructure Empowering the High-Quality Development of China's Agricultural Exports: Mechanisms and Pathways
In the digital economy era, digital infrastructure has become a key force reshaping international trade. Based on technology diffusion theory, this study explores how digital infrastructure promotes the high-quality development of China's agricultural exports through three core pathways: reducing trade costs, enhancing production efficiency and product value added, and optimizing international market matching. China has made notable progress in digital village construction, smart agriculture, and cross-border e-commerce. However, challenges remain, including the urban-rural digital divide, shortage of interdisciplinary digital talents, and lack of unified digital standards. To fully unleash the enabling effects, efforts should focus on targeted infrastructure investment in rural areas, talent cultivation, building internationally compatible digital standards and traceability systems, and innovating financial support instruments, thereby building new "digital capability"-centered competitive advantages for China's agricultural exports.
A Study on the Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on County-Level Farmers’ Income in Sichuan Province
Based on county-level panel data from Sichuan Province from 2014 to 2022 (176 districts and counties), this paper employs a fixed-effects model to empirically examine the impact of digital inclusive finance on rural residents' disposable income. The findings reveal that: (1) digital inclusive finance has a significant positive effect on farmers' income, with a 1% increase in the digital inclusive finance index leading to a 0.347% increase in farmers' income; (2) the level of financial development plays a partial mediating role between digital inclusive finance and farmers' income ; (3) all three dimensions of digital inclusive finance—coverage breadth, usage depth, and degree of digitalization—significantly contribute to the growth of farmers' income; (4) the promoting effect of digital inclusive finance is more pronounced in areas with a high urbanization rate.
The Electric Vehicle Competition between German and China: Based on RCA and IIT Analyse New Energy Vehicle Trade
In recent years, under the backdrop of accelerating global energy transition, new energy vehicles have become a new focus of strategic competition among major countries and international trade negotiations. Currently, most research on new energy vehicles focuses on the competition among developed countries' new energy vehicle industries, especially the competition between China and the United States. As a traditional automotive manufacturing power, Germany has conducted relatively less research on the electricization competition of new energy vehicles between China and itself. This paper, from the perspective of international trade, takes new energy vehicle complete vehicles (HS: 870380), lithium-ion batteries (HS: 850760), and motors/electronics control systems (HS: 850131/8503710) as research objects. Using methods such as RCA index (explicit comparative advantage) and IIT index (industry internal trade index), based on data from UN Comtrade and WTO Tariff Database, it studies and analyzes the international division of labor in intra-industry trade between China and Germany and the comparative advantages of each product of the two countries. At the same time, this paper combines China and Germany's tariff measures, the EU's subsidies and localization policies for new energy vehicles, as well as China's dual-subsidy policy, to analyze the impact of these trade policies on bilateral trade. The research finds that China has a significant comparative advantage in new energy vehicle complete vehicles (including pure electric plug-in hybrids), while Germany attempts to protect its domestic industry by means of anti-subsidy, localization requirements, etc., even though it does not have a comparative advantage. Based on this, this paper proposes that China should consolidate its advantages in battery power and vehicle manufacturing to stabilize the market and actively expand the market through subsidies, export tariff policies, etc., in order to maintain its initiative in the new round of energy trade competition.
Research on the Driving Mechanism and Transformation Path of Digital Transformation of Publishing Groups
Driven by the digital economy and national policies, the digital transformation of publishing groups has been continuously advanced. Most existing studies on the digital transformation of publishing groups adopt qualitative case descriptions or static analysis, lacking clear transformation paths and driving mechanisms. Based on the principles of system dynamics, this study constructs a transformation framework consisting of four subsystems: resource base, empowerment support, value output and environmental regulation, to reveal the internal logic and driving mechanism of the digital transformation of publishing groups. With the annual report data of Phoenix Media from 2020 to 2024 for parameter calibration and empirical simulation, this paper realizes the dynamic simulation and quantitative test of the transformation process. The research finds that the benefits of digital transformation show an accelerated growth trend after the initial investment stage. Through sensitivity analysis, it is identified that digital talent reserve is a more influential key leverage than investment in content assets. Accordingly, this paper puts forward resource optimization strategies for the high-quality transformation of publishing groups from the perspectives of dynamically adjusting resource input, strengthening talent echelons and optimizing organizational collaboration.