Literature, Language and Cultural Studies
Literature, Language and Cultural Studies ISSN Print: 3079-5095 ISSN Online: 3079-5109
Difficulties in Implementing Ideological and Political Education in High School English Continuation Writing Instruction and Corresponding Solutions
High school English learning is a crucial period for helping students establish correct worldviews, life perspectives, values, and noble ideological and moral qualities. The newly introduced question type in this year's college entrance examination—continuation writing—precisely enables teachers to integrate the concept of subject-based education into the classroom. This paper focuses on the implementation of ideological and political education in high school English continuation writing instruction. It provides an in-depth analysis of the current difficulties in implementing such education, including the forced integration of ideological and political elements, insufficient teacher competence, and an underdeveloped evaluation system. Furthermore, it explores the underlying causes, such as the challenge of integrating subject-specific features with ideological and political objectives, inadequate teacher training mechanisms, and outdated educational concepts. Based on these analyses, the paper proposes corresponding solutions, including thoroughly exploring ideological and political resources in textbooks, strengthening teacher training and professional development, and constructing a diversified evaluation system. The aim is to provide useful reference and insights for improving the effectiveness of moral education in high school English continuation writing instruction, thereby contributing to the realization of the goal of building a strong education nation.
Copyright (c) 2026 by author(s) and Erytis Publishing Limited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Study on the Cross-Cultural Communication Paths of Wu Dialect Cultural and Tourism IP from the Perspective of the Belt and Road Initiative
As the core carrier of Wu-Yue culture, the Wu dialect is confronted with a severe intergenerational discontinuity and cultural identity crisis in overseas Chinese communities. The in-depth advancement of the Belt and Road Initiative has ushered in a new historical opportunity for the cross-cultural communication of the Wu dialect. Based on Lasswell's 7W communication model, this study focuses on the cross-cultural communication of Wu dialect cultural and tourism IP, systematically sorts out the dilemmas of dialect inheritance among overseas Chinese, and puts forward a trinity cross-cultural communication strategy of "content production – media selection – audience adaptation". The research argues that we should give full play to the enabling role of digital technology. Through paths such as bilingual content production integrating "Wu Chinese + foreign languages", the construction of a multi-platform overseas social media matrix, and differentiated hierarchical communication for audiences, we can promote the Wu Chinese dialect from a regional language to international communication, and provide dialect cultural support for people-to-people bonds under the Belt and Road Initiative.
Gentleman’s Love In England During The Renaissance
The concept of “gentleman’s love” in Renaissance England is rooted in the tradition of medieval courtly love. Though it evolved over time, at its core it continued to imply a set of value standards balancing reason and affection. Edmund Spenser’s epic poem The Faerie Queene, written with a clear didactic purpose, articulates the moral ideals of gentlemanly culture, particularly in Book VI, The Legend of Sir Calidore, or of Courtesy, which centers on the affectional practice of gentleman’s love. This paper analyzes Calidore’s pursuit of the shepherdess Pastorella, arguing that while his love retains two central dimensions of courtly love—the idealization of women and the emphasis on courtesy—it simultaneously departs from its aristocratic context and moves toward a more rational and affectional balanced, secular model of love. Through the character of Calidore, Spenser rewrites the courtly love tradition within an English moral and cultural framework.
Research on the Construction of G7 Mainstream Media’s US-related Tariff Discourse
In recent years, the United States has unilaterally increased tariffs for many times, which has not only changed the trade relations between countries, but also caused trade differences between Western countries. The G7 belongs to the cooperation system of developed countries. The media coverage of the US tariff policy can directly reflect the true attitude and interest needs of each country. This paper takes the relevant news reports of the mainstream media of the G7 as the research object. Through text analysis and comparative analysis, it summarizes the characteristics of the media reports on the US tariff policy. Then from the political relations, economic interests, the media’s own characteristics and the international environment, analyze the reasons for the media to produce different public opinion attitudes. The study found that the reports of the G7 mainstream media are not uniform, and each country will adjust its public opinion position according to its own relationship with the United States and its own economic interests. Western media’s trade reports are not entirely objective, mostly serving their own interests.
How personality factors influence foreign language learning: Take foreign language enjoyment and risk-taking as examples
This study focuses on two personality factors—foreign language enjoyment and risk-taking—and explores their impact on foreign language learning. Foreign language enjoyment is a positive emotional experience that can spark learners’ interest and engagement, potentially enhancing learning efficiency and outcomes. Risk-taking, on the other hand, refers to learners’ psychological state and behavioral tendencies when facing learning challenges, which may influence their willingness to engage in language practice. Using a literature analysis approach, this study finds that there is a connection between foreign language enjoyment, risk-taking behavior, and foreign language learning outcomes. The research reveals that learners who experience greater enjoyment in foreign language learning generally exhibit higher learning motivation and achieve better learning outcomes. Meanwhile, learners who are willing to take on certain risks are more likely to engage in complex language interactions, which helps them expand their language skills and enhance their communicative competence. However, if learners excessively avoid risks, they may miss valuable learning opportunities and thus hinder the development of their language abilities. This study aims to provide foreign language educators with references for personalized instruction, helping them design more effective teaching strategies to meet the diverse needs of learners. At the same time, this study also helps learners gain a better understanding of themselves and encourages them to adopt a positive learning attitude, thereby achieving improved outcomes in foreign language learning. In addition, this paper explores...of The causal relationship between personality factors and foreign language learning outcomes, as well as how these personality factors can be cultivated and leveraged through teaching practices.
Research on Optimizing English Writing Automatic Feedback System from the Perspective of Computational Linguistics
Current deficiencies of English writing automatic feedback systems in grammatical error correction, semantic understanding, and pragmatic appropriateness may keep learners from more personalized and effective feedback in the computer-assisted language learning (CALL). The paper integrates key natural language processing skills with the English writing evaluation system to reveal the existing system issues, and provides targeted optimization strategies from the perspective of computational linguistics, including corpus construction, model training, and experimental analysis. The following experimental results show that the optimized system significantly improves grammar correction accuracy, textual logic recognition rate and other core indicators. It also offers learners outstanding practicality in personalized feedback compared to mainstream systems, which effectively assists learners in enhancing their English writing skills and provides reliable technical support and practical reference for CALL.
Spatiotemporal Construction and Ecological Reflection in Climate Narratives of The Long Summer in the Anthropocene
The advent of the Anthropocene marks that human activities have become the core force shaping the Earth’s geological and ecological systems, and the climate crisis is its most intuitive manifestation. Kim Stanley Robinson’s The Long Summer, grounded in rigorous scientific narration, constructs a literary world that confronts global warming head on, establishing itself as a classic text of contemporary climate fiction. Through layered construction of diverse spaces and artistic arrangement of multi dimensional time, the novel achieves a concrete representation of the Anthropocene climate crisis. Its spatiotemporal narration is not merely a formal innovation but a core carrier of ecological critique and value reconstruction. Supported by ecocriticism and ecological narratology, this paper analyzes the spatial forms and temporal logic of climate narration in The Long Summer within the Anthropocene context, explores the ecological reflections and value orientations embedded in its spatiotemporal narration, and interprets the novel’s literary response to the ecological dilemmas of the Anthropocene, so as to provide theoretical references and textual models for the study of contemporary climate fiction and the construction of ecological culture.
Research on the Construction of Campus Culture in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Strengthening the Consciousness of the Chinese nation’s Community
Carrying out the construction of campus culture in colleges and universities from the perspective of strengthening the consciousness of the Chinese nation's community is not only a practical need for colleges and universities to strengthen national unity education in the new era, but also an inherent requirement to continuously strengthen socialist ideological education. By creating material carriers, strengthening cultural creation, improving system construction and building brand activities, we can achieve the integrated development of education for the consciousness of the Chinese nation community and the construction of campus culture in colleges and universities from multiple dimensions such as material culture, spiritual culture, institutional culture and behavioral culture, so as to better exert the educational effectiveness of colleges and universities and improve the level of campus cultural connotation construction.
Build a solid sense of community for the Chinese nation
“Translation and International Communication” vs. Translation: A Conceptual Distinction
Against the backdrop of globalization and the continued advancement of China’s “going global” cultural strategy, the scope and connotation of translation studies are undergoing profound changes. In the traditional sense, translation primarily refers to the transformation between languages and the accurate transmission of meaning. By contrast, “translation and international communication” extends this function to serve broader purposes, including cross-cultural exchange, national image construction, and the competition for international discourse power. This paper first reviews the basic concept and conventional functions of translation, and then explains the background and connotation of “translation and international communication.” It proceeds to compare the two from five dimensions: communicative purpose, audience orientation, strategy selection, interdisciplinary engagement, and evaluation criteria. Based on this analysis, the paper argues that while the two are closely related, they differ significantly in terms of functional orientation and disciplinary boundaries. Translation serves as the foundation of international communication, whereas translation oriented toward international communication represents a new trend in the development of translation practice. This trend requires translators to go beyond linguistic competence and develop stronger awareness of cross-cultural communication as well as interdisciplinary literacy.
Translation Practice and Strategies for Environmental Governance Academic Texts: A Case Study of Chapters 13–14 of Research on the Overall Collaborative Governance Mechanism and Model of Cross-Domain Atmospheric Ecological Environment
Against the background of global ecological governance and cross-border environmental cooperation, the international dissemination of Chinese academic achievements in environmental governance has grown increasingly important. Environmental governance academic texts are characterized by dense technical terms, complex long sentences, strict logical reasoning, and interdisciplinary integration, all of which pose prominent challenges in Chinese-English translation. Based on the practical translation of Chapters 13–14 of Research on the Overall Collaborative Governance Mechanism and Model of Cross-Domain Atmospheric Ecological Environment, this study focuses on the linguistic features, core difficulties, and targeted strategies of such texts. Guided by Nida’s functional equivalence theory, this paper summarizes four major translation difficulties: terminology consistency, long-sentence restructuring, logical explicitation, and discourse coherence. On this basis, four practical strategies are proposed: standardized terminology management, syntactic restructuring, logical supplementation, and academic discourse normalization. Through case analysis of terms, sentences, and paragraphs, this study verifies the effectiveness of the strategies and further discusses translation principles for interdisciplinary academic texts. The findings show that the combination of theoretical guidance and practical operation can significantly improve the accuracy, fluency, and academic normativity of translated texts. This study not only enriches empirical research on environmental governance translation but also provides referential methods and perspectives for postgraduates, translators, and scholars engaged in related fields.
Schema Activation in Continuation Tasks Based on Schema Theory
With the deepening of education reform, the new composition type of "continuation task” has gradually appeared the college entrance examination papers in various regions. In 2016, the reading and writing task appeared for the first time in Zhejiang English college entrance examination. Compared with the conventional writing mode, the continuation task has higher requirements for students and is more in line with the requirements of the new English curriculum. Faced with this new challenge, some teachers still teach according to the type of traditional composition mode, which is obviously not feasible. The teaching of continuation task under the guidance of schema theory aims to analyze and correct students' content deviation, language confusion and cultural conflict in continuation, so as to truly improve students' ability of continuation. This paper will explore how to optimize senior high school students' abilities to continue writing after reading through schema theory, especially activating different types of schemata at different stages, in order to improve the quality of writing.
AI-enabled Dissemination Logic and Value Reflection in New Popular Literature and Art: A Case Study of the "Saving Fox on the Snowy Mountain" Creation Phenomenon
Taking the creation phenomenon of "Saving Fox on the Snowy Mountain" as the sole research object, this paper systematically analyzes its production mechanism, communication logic, cultural connotation and existing dilemmas from four core perspectives: media communication, cultural studies, ecological ethics and public governance by using case analysis, discourse analysis and literature research methods. It focuses on the creative characteristics, value presentation and development bottlenecks of new popular literature and art empowered by AI technology, and proposes optimized paths based on relevant theories and practical experience.
Exploring Ethical Issues in Translation Based on Translation Ethics and In Other Words
In the current process of professionalization in translation, ethical issues faced by translators themselves are gradually emerging. The role of the translator is closely related to the ethical issues encountered during the translation process. Therefore, exploring the ethical issues faced in the translation process is an important step in the development of translation. This article is based on the content of Translation Ethics and In Other Words on ethical issues in translation, summarizing their core content and exploring ethical issues in translation.
Strategies for Translating Scientific and Technical Texts: A Case Study of the E-C Translation of Climate Change and Pediatric Skin Health
With the intensification of global climate change, the demand for translating medical literature on this topic has grown significantly. This paper explores strategies for translating scientific and technical texts through a case study of the English-Chinese translation of the medical paper Climate Change and Pediatric Skin Health. Selected from the International Journal of Women‘s Dermatology, the source text draws on multiple disciplines, including dermatology, meteorology, and biology, presenting a high degree of specialization. The main challenges in translation lie in the handling of terminology and long sentences. At the lexical level, this paper analyzes the translation methods for technical terms and semi-technical terms, employing strategies such as amplification, omission, literal translation, and transliteration. At the syntactic level, it discusses techniques such as linear translation, reverse translation, and division. The study shows that translating scientific and technical texts requires a flexible combination of translation strategies based on accurate comprehension of the source text, balancing professionalism with readability. This paper aims to provide a reference for the translation of medical and scientific texts.
A Semantic and Communicative Translation Analysis of Chapter Eight of The Love Hypothesis
This study takes Chapter Eight of The Love Hypothesis by the American novelist Ali Hazelwood as the object of translation practice. The novel presents a romantic love story characterized by a humorous and light‑hearted style without sacrificing professionalism. Guided by Peter Newmark’s theories of semantic translation and communicative translation, the translation practice applies semantic translation to the rendering of dialogues and adopts communicative translation to bring the target text closer to the reading experience intended by the original author. The findings indicate that in the translation of romance fiction, translators should flexibly employ different translation theories and methods to achieve vividness in the target language and convey the stylistic effect of the original. Rather than adhering rigidly to the form and expression of the source text, translators should avoid producing a translation that renders lively sentences in the original dull and lifeless.
C-E Translation of Chinese Philosophical Concepts from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence
Philosophical concepts are an essential component of cultural communication, serving as carriers of a nation’s worldview and intellectual tradition. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of Eugene Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory in the Chinese-English translation of philosophical concepts. Taking Key Concepts in Chinese Thought and Culture: Philosophy as the case study, this research adopts a qualitative analytical method to examine how lexical and syntactic equivalence are realized in translation practice. The analysis reveals that, at the lexical level, strategies such as word class adjustment, isomorphic substitution, and explanatory translation help overcome cultural and semantic gaps. At the syntactic level, the use of kernel sentence restructuring and function-oriented translation effectively clarifies implicit logical relations in Chinese source texts. These approaches enable target readers to achieve a similar understanding and response as source readers. The study concludes that Functional Equivalence Theory provides a practical and effective framework for translating Chinese philosophical concepts, particularly in enhancing clarity, readability, and cultural transmission. However, limitations remain due to the complexity and interpretive openness of philosophical terms.
Research on Translation Strategies of Business English Contracts from the Perspective of Skopos Theory
Global economic integration makes cross-border economic and trade cooperation more frequent. Business English contracts are core legal document to clarify rights and responsibilities of both parties and ensure transaction security. The translation quality can affect the success of cooperation and legitimate rights. Because business English contracts are professional and rigorous, and they have standardized format, involving knowledge from multiple fields, traditional equivalence translation theories are hard to meet their functional requirements. This can lead to translation deviations and legal risks. As the core theory of functional translation, Skopos theory says that "translation purpose determines translation strategy", and it can provide support for solving this dilemma. In fact, we use the perspective of functionalism and analyze the textual characteristics and translation difficulties of business English contracts. Also we explore translation strategies for this. This aims to enrich the practical application of functionalism, provide reference for translation practitioners, and help promote cross-cultural business communication. It can make up the gap between theory and practice in current research, and provide ideas for similar studies.
Large Language Model-Based Translation Agents: A Review and Future Perspectives
Large language models (LLMs) have enabled general-purpose agents to expand into vertical domains such as translation. Accordingly, translation tools are evolving from passive programs into translation agents capable of autonomous planning, memory management, and external resource use. This paper reviews recent studies on translation agents from the perspective of Translation Studies rather than from a purely algorithmic viewpoint. It traces their technological evolution and theoretical mapping, with particular attention to single prompting with retrieval-augmented generation, multi-agent collaboration, and multi-level memory mechanisms. These developments partly simulate and reconstruct the cognitive strategies and collaborative networks of human translators. At the same time, the integration of translation agents into complex workflows reveals persistent problems, including limitations in quality assessment, blurred ethical accountability, and fluctuations in translators’ cognitive load. The paper argues that future research should further examine evaluation mechanisms, ethical norms, and responsibility allocation within human-AI collaborative translation while also strengthening translator prompt literacy, digital resilience, and curriculum reform in translation education. The significance of translation agents lies not in replacing human translators, but in reshaping the translation ecosystem and its collaborative models.
Comparative Study of the Golden Chamber: Translations by Luo Xiwen and Paul U.Unschuld
Amid globalization, there is growing global demand for China’s contributions in fields such as science and medicine. As a national treasure, Traditional Chi-nese Medicine (TCM) holds significant creative and far-reaching influence. Translating TCM classics thus requires integrated strategies—including trans-literation, liberal translation, domestication, and foreignization—to accurately convey medical and biological knowledge.From the perspective of eco-translatology, this study examines the English translations of Synopsis of the Golden Chamberby Luo Xiwen and Wei Naijie. By comparing their renditions of key medical terms, it explores the micro-level application of translation strategies and implements a “three-dimensional transformation” grounded in transliteration and liberal translation. This approach aims to achieve maximal textual accuracy in terminology translation, thereby supporting medical aca-demic exchange, promoting Chinese culture, and disseminating TCM wisdom worldwide for better global understanding of its essence.
English Translation Of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Copyright (c) 2026 by author(s) and Erytis Publishing Limited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Translator Image in Film: A Case Study of C-3PO
Rapid advances in digital technology have profoundly transformed traditional modes of translation, with artificial intelligence increasingly emerging as a key agent in language services. Against this background, the image of the artificial intelligence translator in film and television has emerged as an important cultural text through which we can examine the translator’s image in the AI era. Taking C-3PO, a protocol droid in the Star Wars movie franchise, as the research subject, this study analyzes the construction of his translator image from an imagological perspective, focusing on three dimensions: information transmitter, crisis witness, and conflict mediator. The study finds that, on the one hand, C-3PO reproduces the translator’s long-standing condition of discursive marginalization and instrumentalization, while on the other hand his representation exposes the limitations of artificial intelligence translators in interpreting complex contexts and exercising cultural judgments. This image not only reflects the translator’s subordinate position but also highlights the continuing limitations of artificial intelligence in fully replacing human translators, revealing the dual predicament faced by translators in the AI era characterized by technological dependence on the one hand and the struggle for subjectivity on the other.
Study on the Translation of Chinese Traditional Architectural Terms under the Guidance of Eco-Translatology: A Case Study of Huizhou Architectural Terms
Chinese traditional architectural culture boasts a long history and profound deposits, which carries important research significance. In recent years, with the deepening trend of globalization and increasingly frequent exchanges among countries, a valuable opportunity has emerged for Chinese traditional architectural culture to go global. Based on the theory of Eco-Translatology, this paper takes Huizhou-style architecture, a representative genre of Chinese traditional architecture, as a case study to investigate the translation of its terms. It discusses the importance for translators to integrate translation with language, culture and communication in the translation of Huizhou architectural terms. It is hoped that this study can provide some reference for the translation of Chinese traditional architectural terms.
A Study on the English Translation of Cultivation-related Terms of address in A Record of a Mortal's Journey to Immortality
Against the backdrop of the cross-cultural communication of online literature going global, cultivation-related address terms, as core symbols carrying the cultivation worldview and cultural connotations, their translation quality is crucial to the understanding and acceptance of overseas readers. This paper takes the "Three-dimensional Adaptive Transformation" theory of Eco-translatology as the framework, takes A Record of a Mortal's Journey to Immortality and its English translation on Wuxia World as the research objects, and analyzes the English translation strategies and transformation effects of cultivation-related address terms combined with a self-built terminology database. The research shows that the translator has achieved translation balance through three-dimensional adaptive transformation, which not only provides practical reference for the translation of similar online literature, but also provides empirical support for the application of Eco-translatology in popular literature.
Three-dimensional Adaptive Transformation
A Record of a Mortal's Journey to Immortality
A Corpus-Based Study on the Translation Style of the Web Novel 'A Record of a Mortal's Journey to Immortality'
Against the backdrop of the large-scale international expansion of Chinese web fiction, the rapid adoption of AI translation alongside high-quality human translations has drawn attention to the linguistic features of translated works. Existing research predominantly focuses on macro-level industrial models or qualitative examinations of individual translation strategies, lacking systematic, linguistically grounded empirical analyses of classic translations that have undergone long-term market validation. This paper takes the English translation of 'A Record of a Mortal's Journey to Immortality' as its research subject and employs corpus linguistics methods to comparatively analyze the fan translation published on Wuxiaworld and the commercial translation published on Amazon, examining differences and similarities in lexical density, distribution of content words, handling of culture-loaded terms, and textual readability. The findings reveal that: (1) both translations exhibit higher lexical density than native English novels; (2) translation strategies for high-frequency key words reflect distinct orientation preferences; (3) regarding readability, both translations appropriately control average word length and sentence length, achieving standard reading proficiency, yet display stylistic differences; and (4) through word cloud and keyword analyses, the translations successfully construct a logically coherent Eastern xianxia (immortal cultivation) world. The study demonstrates that these linguistic features can serve as high-quality reference corpora for optimizing AI translation models and provide empirical support for future web fiction translation practice.
Overseas Expansion of Chinese Web Literature
Translation Strategies of Numerical Phrases in the Government Work Report
Numerical phrases usually refer to expressions where the common part is extracted when describing several similar things, with a number prefixed to the word. This form avoids redundancy caused by overly long texts, making expressions concise, powerful, and highly expressive. This study takes the original texts and official translations of numerical phrases in the 2019-2023 Government Work Report (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") as the corpus, and explores the translation strategies of numerical phrases through literature research and self-built corpus methods. Through the construction and retrieval of the self-built corpus, it is found that the translation of numerical phrases in the Report mainly includes five methods: literal translation, literal translation with paraphrasing, free translation, ignoring and not translating, and modifying translation. This study provides references for researchers and translation learners engaged in political text translation, and makes up for the shortcomings of existing studies to a certain extent.
The Effect of Task-Based Speaking Language Program on the English Language Anxiety Among STEM Students in China
This study investigates the impact of a Task-Based Speaking Language Program (TBSLP) on English language anxiety (FLA) among STEM undergraduates in China, addressing the prevalent issue of "deaf-mute English" where students excel in reading but struggle with oral communication. Drawing on Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) principles, the 12-week program was implemented with 50 sophomore and junior STEM students at a Chinese University, utilizing pre- and post-program surveys (adapted from the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale), and attendance tracking to measure changes in anxiety levels, speaking confidence, and willingness to communicate. Results indicated a significant reduction in FLA (p < 0.05), with participants reporting increased comfort in real-world speaking tasks and enhanced motivation for English use in STEM contexts. The findings underscore TBLT's efficacy in mitigating anxiety through authentic, collaborative activities, offering practical implications for EFL curriculum reform in Chinese higher education to better prepare STEM graduates for global collaboration.
Strategies for Teacher Error Correction Feedback in English Teaching and the Application Pathways
As a core subject in basic education in China, English teaching quality directly affects the development of students' English core competencies. Language errors are inevitable in second language acquisition, and teacher error correction feedback is a key link connecting teaching, learning and assessment. Based on the competency-oriented approach and the integration of teaching, learning and assessment in the 2025 Edition of General High School English Curriculum Standards, this paper combines second language acquisition theories and research, analyzes the essential attributes and generation logic of language errors, defines the concept and implementation principles of error correction feedback, constructs a multi-dimensional strategy system, and proposes targeted optimization paths.
Integration of teaching, learning and assessment
A Comparative Study on the C-E Translation of Tales of Hulan River from the Perspective of Rewriting Theory
In literary translation, retranslation is quite familiar. Retranslations of classic works of literature have become very prevalent in recent decades. It is worth noting that retranslations of the same work by the same author are even more valuable. The distinction between the two versions can be manifested in many ways. Under these circumstances, this paper uses the rewriting theory to analyze the retranslation of Tales of Hulan River compared to the original translation to see if there are any reasons for these improvements. To study this question, it is of priority to study the status quo of the retranslation. From a practical point of view, retranslation is becoming more and more popular. The study of retranslation is conducive to clarifying the current situation of literary translation, understanding the problems faced by retranslation in practice, and making some useful references for the translators who are still engaged in retranslation. From a theoretical point of view, manipulation theory has been developed for a long time and still has research vitality after continuous improvement and development research verification. Compared with the 1979 version, the 2002 version of Tales of Hulan River by Howard Goldblatt, have obvious changes on syntactical, lexical and textual level. After more than 20 years, tremendous changes have taken place in the of C-E translation market, including the publishers and successful Chinese culture popularization. And more importantly the author has gained further translation experience which clearly has positive impact on the retranslation. This paper draws on the research vitality of rewriting theory, for it is exactly guidance in revealing the factors of improvements including patronage ideology and poetics. At the same time, descriptive studies on retranslation will be more and more in the following development. This paper hopes to make some contributions to this field through research. This paper is divided into five chapters. The chapters are arranged as follows: The first chapter is the literature review, which explains the international study and domestic study of rewriting theory. The second chapter gives the background information of the research sample Tales of Hulan River. The third chapter lists the three elements of rewriting theory and their roles while applied to translation. Chapter four discusses the differences of the two translations in different aspect, including patronage, ideology and poetics, which specifically compares the improvements in lexical syntactical and textual level. Chapter five draws a conclusion from the perspective of rewriting theory and what is needed for the translators while retranslating classical literature.
Cyborg Bodies and Identity Reconstruction in the Post-Apocalyptic Novel The Wind-Up Girl
This paper analyzes the construction and alienation of cyborg bodies and identities in Paolo Bacigalupi’s post-apocalyptic novel The Windup Girl. Focusing on the interactions between humans, genetically modified organisms and nonliving matter in the novel, the paper explores how the body transcends its status as a passive object to become a dynamic field participating in power reconstruction in the post-apocalyptic context. The study finds that the body in the novel is a material existence permeated with political, economic and ecological relations, and its deep entanglement with non-human matter not only challenges anthropocentrism but also highlights the core role of the material body in shaping identity and constructing survival ethics. The novel reconstructs the ethical and political implications of the body as an "actor", providing critical insights for reflecting on the drawbacks of global capitalism, building a symbiotic relationship between humans and the material world, addressing ecological challenges and achieving sustainable development.
Washback Effects of the CET-4 Writing Test on College English Teaching and Learning: Research Trends and Key Issues
Washback refers to the influence of testing on teaching and learning, particularly in high-stakes examinations. As one of the most influential national English proficiency tests in China, the College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) has a significant impact on college English instruction, especially through its writing section. This study aims to examine the washback effects of the CET-4 writing test on college English teaching and learning by reviewing and synthesizing relevant studies from international journals and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The findings indicate that the CET-4 writing test produces both positive and negative washback. Positively, it promotes instructional improvement, clarifies teaching objectives, and enhances students’ learning motivation. Meanwhile, negative effects such as exam-oriented teaching, mechanical learning strategies, and reduced creativity in writing are also observed. In addition, recent research highlights the growing role of digital tools and artificial intelligence in shaping new forms of washback. It is concluded that diversified empirical approaches and technological integration are essential for maximizing positive washback and improving college English writing instruction.
Pragmatic Failures and Implications of the Florasis Eyebrow Pencil Incident from the Perspective of the Politeness Principle
Guided by Leech’s Politeness Principle, this study analyzes the pragmatic failures in the Florasis eyebrow pencil incident. The findings reveal that as a lead anchor, Li Jiaqi’s sales discourse during the livestream violated the Politeness Principle, which includes tact, generosity, approbation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy maxims. Multiple violations of the Politeness Principle negatively impacted both his personal image and the reputation of the livestreaming industry. Therefore, the paper proposes some pragmatic suggestions for streamers based on the Politeness Principles, aiming to raise awareness of harmonious marketing communication between viewers and streamers and provide insights for improving livestreaming sales discourse.