Research on Surface Deformation Monitoring and Stability of Mined-out Areas Based on SBAS InSAR Technology

Yuhao Zhang

doi:10.63313/AERpc.9094

Authors

Yuhao Zhang School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63313/AERpc.9094

Keywords:

SBAS Insar, Old Mined Out Area, Surface Subsidence, Time Series Evolution, Thick Unconsolidated Strata, Mining Area Stability

Abstract

Long-term surface deformation over old mined-out areas overlain by thick unconsolidated strata in North China is prominent. Traditional monitoring approaches are difficult to achieve large scale, long time series, and high precision dynamic observations. To scientifically understand the spatiotemporal evolution of surface subsidence and site stability characteristics of old mined out areas, this paper takes the mined out areas of Panels 2301, 2302, and 2303 in the No.5 Coal Mine of Hebi Mining Group, Shancheng District, Hebi, Henan Province as the study object. Using the SBAS InSAR time series interferometric technique, 110 scenes of Sentinel 1A images from November 2015 to December 2024, combined with 30 m resolution SRTM DEM data and ESA precise orbit data, are adopted to invert the spatiotemporal distribution of annual average surface deformation rate and cumulative deformation over the past decade. Through time series subsidence curve analysis of typical monitoring points, profile comparison, and accuracy verification, the staged evolution and spatial differentiation of surface subsidence above goafs under thick unconsolidated strata are revealed. The results show that the study area is dominated by surface subsidence, with a maximum subsidence rate of −36 mm/a and an average rate of 2.35 mm/a. The spatial pattern of subsidence exhibits an obvious funnel shaped stepwise decrease. Around 2018, surface subsidence in the study area generally shifted from the rapid development stage to the residual deformation stage with slow attenuation. The attenuation rate shows significant spatial differences controlled by fault locations, panel conditions, and geological structures. Panel 2303, with a later stopping time, shows the most active subsidence, while Panels 2301 and 2302, mined earlier, have become basically stable. The SBAS InSAR results agree well with leveling measurements, and the monitoring accuracy meets the requirements for goaf stability evaluation. The findings can provide reliable technical support and scientific basis for land redevelopment, construction site selection, geological hazard risk assessment, and long term safety monitoring of old mined out areas in the Hebi mining area

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