Research Progress on Performance Regulation and Application of Ti-Ni-Based, Fe-Based, and Cu-Based Shape Memory Alloys

Furong Zou; Shuai Ma; Yuxing Jiang; Zhixiang Peng

doi:10.63313/AERpc.9024

Authors

Furong Zou Hu'nan University of Arts and Science Furong College, Changde, Hu'nan 415000, China Author
Shuai Ma Hu'nan University of Arts and Science Furong College, Changde, Hu'nan 415000, China Author
Yuxing Jiang Hu'nan University of Arts and Science Furong College, Changde, Hu'nan 415000, China Author
Zhixiang Peng Hu'nan University of Arts and Science Furong College, Changde, Hu'nan 415000, China Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63313/AERpc.9024

Keywords:

Shape memory alloys, Ti-Ni-based shape memory alloys, Fe-based shape memory alloys, Cu-based shape memory alloys

Abstract

This paper reviews the system characteristics and application progress of shape memory alloys (SMAs). SMAs realize the shape memory effect (SME) and superelasticity (SE) through solid-solid phase transformations (such as B2↔B19'), and their performance is regulated by phase transformation temperatures (Ms/As), hysteresis width, and strain recovery rate. Among the three main alloy systems: Ti-Ni-based alloys dominate high-end medical and aerospace fields due to their highly reversible thermoelastic transformations and biocompatibility, though noble metal doping is needed to improve high-temperature performance; Fe-based alloys exhibit potential for low-cost engineering applications through non-thermoelastic transformations (such as γ→ε martensite); Cu-based alloys balance cost and performance via stacking fault energy regulation, with fatigue resistance optimization being the core challenge. Studies show that annealing processes (e.g., annealing Ti-Ni alloys at 673–773 K) and composition design (e.g., Fe-Mn-Al-Ni gradient alloys) can significantly enhance phase transformation stability. Future work should integrate multi-scale phase transformation mechanisms and advanced manufacturing techniques (such as 4D printing) to expand the engineering applications of SMAs in intelligent systems and extreme environments.

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